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United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali
The United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (''Mission multidimensionnelle intégrée des Nations unies pour la stabilisation au Mali'', MINUSMA) is a United Nations peacekeeping mission in Mali. MINUSMA was established on 25 April 2013 by UN Security Council Resolution 2100 to stabilise the country after the Tuareg rebellion (2012). It was officially deployed on 1 July.
==History==
In 2012, Tuareg and other peoples in northern Mali's Azawad region started an insurgency in the north under the banner of the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad. After some initial successes and complaints from the Malian Army that it was ill-equipped to fight the insurgents, who had benefited from an influx of heavy weaponry from the 2011 Libyan civil war as well as other sources, elements of the army staged a military coup d'état on 21 March 2012. Following the coup, the rebels made further advances to capture the three biggest cities in the north: Gao, Timbuktu and Kidal.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Timbuktu bombarded as Mali constitution 'restored' )〕 Following economic sanctions and a blockade by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) on the country, a deal, brokered in Burkina Faso by President Blaise Compaoré under the auspices of ECOWAS, was signed that would see Amadou Sanogo cede power to Dioncounda Traoré to assume the presidency in an interim capacity until an election is held.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mali junta says power transfer 'within days' )〕
On 1 July 2013, of a future total of UN peacekeeping troops officially took over responsibility for patrolling the country's north from France and the ECOWAS' International Support Mission to Mali (AFISMA). The group is expected to play a role in the 2013 Malian presidential election.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UN takes over Mali peacekeeping mission )〕 The force is the third largest UN peacekeeping force in operation in the world.〔http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21580472-pursued-one-place-west-africa-extremists-pop-up-somewhere-nearby-first The UN and Mali: Secure the Sahara, if you can〕
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